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    • 1. Who are the press councils?
    • 2. Why do press councils allow news omission?
    • 3. Why do we keep ignoring extreme poverty?
    • 4. What is the difference between censorship and omission?
    • 5. What did the GFC do for extreme poverty?
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    • 9. Why people are idiots
    • 10. Why people are kind
    • 11. Examples of news omission the press councils have dismissed
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Hong Kong

新闻从业员专业操守守则

我们的理念

我们确信言论自由是一项基本人权。
我们确信新闻自由是言论自由的具体呈现,获基本法保障。
我们确信新闻从业员应竭力维护新闻自由,以公众利益为依归。
我们确信新闻从业员须遵循真实、客观、公正的原则。
我们认为传媒机构拥有者及新闻行政人员,更有责任鼓励和要求员工信守这些理念。

操守守则

 

1.新闻从业员应以求真、公平、客观、不偏不倚和全面的态度处理新闻材料,确保报道正确无误,没有断章取义或曲解新闻材料的原意,不致误导大众。
2.若报道失实、误导或歪曲原意,应让当事人回应,尽快更正。
3.新闻从业员在处理新闻的时候,尤其是涉及暴力、性罪行、自杀等社会新闻,应避免淫亵、不雅或煽情。
4.新闻从业员应尊重个人名誉和私隐。在未经当事人同意,采访及报道其私生活时,应具合理理由,适当处理,避免侵扰个人私隐。
 
4.1儿童的私隐尤须谨慎处理,传媒报道涉及儿童私生活的题材时,必须要有合理理由;不应单单基于其亲人或监护人的名声和地位而作出报道;
4.2传媒报道公众人物的个人行为或资料时,须有合理理由;
4.3拥有公职的公众人物当其个人行为或资料涉及公职时,不属于个人私隐。
5.新闻从业员应致力避免利益冲突,在任何情况下,其工作均不受其个人、家庭成员、机构、经济上、政治上或其他利益关系所影响。
 
5.1不应利用因履行职责而获得的消息,于消息公布前谋取私利;或转告他人而间接获益;
5.2不应因广告或其他考虑而扭曲事实;
5.3不应报道或评论自己有份参与的投资项目、组织及其活动;若须报道或评论,亦应申报利益;
5.4不应因外界的压力或经济利益而影响新闻报道或新闻评论。
6.新闻从业员不应因政治压力或经济利益而自我审查。
7.新闻从业员应以正当手段取得消息、照片及插图。
8. 在处理有关年龄、种族、肤色、信仰、残疾、婚姻状况、私生子女、性别或性倾向等内容时,应避免歧视。
9. 新闻从业员应保护消息来源。
 
9.1为免错误引导公众,应尽量避免引述不愿透露身分人士所提供的消息;
9.2如需引述,应加倍谨慎查证不愿透露身分人士所提供的消息。
10.新闻从业员应切实遵行本守则,除非涉及以下的公众利益范畴:
 
10.1揭露任何个人或组织滥用权力、疏忽职守、或不法的行为;
10.2防止公众受到个人或组织的声明或行动所误导;
10.3防止任何对公众安全、香港防务、公众健康受到威胁。

运作细则

新闻摄影

 

1.新闻摄影以纪录真实为首要任务,记者在新闻现场应据实拍摄,不得参与设计或导演新闻事件,作夸大和不实的报道。
2.记者在拍摄意外事件时,应顾及受害人及其家属的感受,尽量把对他们的心理影响及伤害减到最低。
3.摄影记者在拍摄过程中应该尊重被摄者的私隐。
4.新闻摄影工作者(包括摄影记者和图片编辑)应谨慎处理血腥、暴力、恶心和色情图片。使用时须考虑:
 
4.1对说明新闻事件是否必要;
4.2对社会的影响;
4.3对当事人及其家属的影响。
5.新闻摄影工作者在处理照片时,应以拍摄现场所见的真实情景为依归,任何事前或事后的加工,都不能接受。
6.新闻照片在新闻媒体上有时会用作插图或作局部整合以配合版面编辑效果,但应注明照片曾经「加工处理」,或指明是「设计图片」。

ENGLISH VERSION 

Our Beliefs

We believe that freedom of speech is a basic human right.
We believe that freedom of the press, guaranteed under the Basic Law, is an integral part of freedom of speech.
We believe that journalists should strive to uphold freedom of the press, and take public interest as the basis of their work.
We believe that journalists should uphold the principles of truth, objectivity and fairness.
We believe that owners and executives especially of media organizations have the responsibility to encourage and require staff to adhere to these principles.

Code of Ethics

1.Journalists should handle news information with an attitude of seeking truth, fairness, objectivity, impartiality and comprehensiveness. Journalists should strive to ensure accuracy of their reports. They should not mislead the public by quoting out of context, distorting facts or twisting original meaning.
2.Whenever proven inaccuracy, misleading facts or figures, or distortion of original meaning occurs, media organizations should provide persons or organizations affected with the earliest opportunity to reply, and corrections should be made promptly.
3. Journalists should not pander to prurience, indecency and sensationalism when reporting news involving violence, sex-related crime or suicide.
4.Journalists should respect the reputation and privacy of individuals. Taking into account solid editorial reasons, journalists should report on the private lives of individuals-who have not given their consent fordoing so-only in ways that would not create unnecessary additional damage to the individuals.
 
4.1Privacy of children should be handled with particular care. Media organizations should have solid editorial reasons for reporting on the private lives of children. Journalists should not intrude into the privacy of children solely because of the social or celebrity status of the minors' family members or guardians.
4.2News media should have solid editorial reasons for publicizing the behavior and personal data of public officials.
4.3Behavior and personal data of public officials that are pertinent to the exercise of their public office are not considered private.
5.Journalists should avoid conflict of interest. Under no circumstance should they be influenced by political, economic and other interests related to themselves, their families or their employers.
 
5.1Journalists should not seek monetary or other advantages from information that they have obtained in the course of discharging their duties; nor should journalists pass the information to others so that the journalists might obtain an indirect advantage.
5.2Journalists should not distort facts to appease advertisers or for any other consideration.
5.3Journalists should not write or comment on business or other organizational matters in which they have a stake. Journalists should declare their interest should they be assigned to report or comment on matters in which they have an interest.
5.4Journalists should not be influenced by external pressure or economic considerations in their reports and commentaries.
6.Journalists should stand up to political pressure or financial inducement and not succumb to self-censorship.
7.Journalists should obtain information, photographs and illustrations through proper means.
8.Journalists in their reportage or commentary should not discriminate or encourage others to discriminate on grounds of age, race, color, creed, religion, place or circumstance of birth, disability, marital status, gender or sexual orientation.
9. Journalists should protect their sources of information.
 
9.1To avoid misleading the public, journalists should strive not to use information provided by anonymous sources.
9.2In cases in which anonymity is necessary, extraordinary care must be exercised to ascertain the veracity of information so provided.
10. Journalists should abide by this Code, except in specific circumstances involving public interest, such as:
 
10.1Exposing any unlawful activity, abuse of power, neglect of duty, or other misconduct by an individual or organization;
10.2Preventing the public from being misled by statements or actions of individuals or organizations;
10.3Preventing a serious threat to public order, the security of Hong Kong, public health and safety.

Guidelines for Practice

(I) Photojournalism

1.It is the prime duty of photojournalists to report the truth. Photojournalists should take photographs from the actual scene of a news event. They should not participate in designing or directing re-enactment of news events for exaggerated and inaccurate reports.
2.Photojournalists should show concern about the feelings of victims and their families when photographing accidents and their aftermaths, so as to avoid and/or minimize the damage to and impact on the feelings of the victims and their families.
3.Photojournalists should respect the privacy of people being photographed.
4.Photojournalists-including photographers and picture editors-should handle with caution pictures that are gory, violent, disgusting and pornographic. Before using this type of photographs, photojournalists should consider:
 
4.1whether they are necessary for better understanding of a news event;
4.2the impact on the society;
4.3the impact on the people involved and their families.
5.Photojournalists should process pictures on the basis of the actual scene that they have seen. Any re-processing before and after the photographs are taken are unacceptable.
6.When news media use photographic montages or combine photographs with graphics to add special effects to editorial design, such images should be clearly labeled as "enhanced pictures" or "photo illustrations" so that readers might not be misled into thinking they are photographs of the actual scenes.

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